Prognostic value of myocardial perfusion imaging after first-line coronary computed tomography angiography: A multi-center cohort study

PurposeFurther diagnostic testing may be required after a coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) showing suspected coronary stenosis. Whether myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) provides further prognostic information post-CTA remains debated. We evaluated the prognosis for patients completing CTA stratified for post-CTA diagnostic work-up using real-world data.MethodsWe identified all patients in our uptake area with angina symptoms undergoing first-time CTA over a 10-year period. Follow-up time was a median of 3.7 years [1.9–5.8]. The primary endpoint was a composite of myocardial infarction or death. The secondary endpoint was late revascularization.ResultsDuring the study period 53,351 patients underwent CTA. Of these, 24% were referred for further down-stream testing, 3,547 (7%) to MPI and 9,135 (17%) to invasive coronary angiography (ICA). The primary and secondary endpoints occurred in 2,026 (3.8%) and 954 (1.8%) patients. Patient-characteristic-adjusted hazard ratios for the primary and secondary endpoint using patients with a normal CTA as reference were 1.37 (1.21–1.55) and 2.50 (1.93–3.23) for patient treated medically, 1.68 (1.39–2.03) and 6.13 (4.58–8.21) for patients referred to MPI and 1.94 (1.69–2.23) and 9.18 (7.16–11.78) for patients referred for ICA, respectively. Adjusted analysis with stratification for disease severity at CTA showed similar hazard ratios for patients treated medically after CTA and patients referred for MPI and treated medically after the MPI.ConclusionIn patients completing coronary CTA, second-line MPI testing seems to identify patients at low risk of future events. MPI seems to have the potential to act as gatekeeper for ICA after coronary CTA.     

血清趋化素水平与钙化性主动脉瓣狭窄程度的相关性研究

目的探讨血清趋化素(chemerin)水平在钙化性主动脉瓣狭窄(CAS)发病机制中的作用及与主动脉瓣狭窄程度的相关性。方法选取2016年11月至2019年11月于邯郸市第一医院心内科诊断为CAS的患者40例为CAS组,将CAS患者按主动脉瓣狭窄程度分为三组:轻度CAS组(n=14)、中度CAS组(n=15)及重度CAS组(n=11);另选取同期来院体检的无CAS的患者40例为对照组(年龄、性别与CAS组匹配)。采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)测定各组血清chemerin水平;应用Spearman相关分析法评估chemerin和主动脉瓣狭窄程度的相关性。结果与对照组相比,CAS组患者的血清chemerin水平明显升高[(89.8±14.9)ng/ml vs.(60.1±21.3)ng/ml,P<0.05];三组不同狭窄程度CAS患者的血清chemerin水平较对照组均明显升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且随狭窄程度的加重,chemerin水平逐渐降低,其中轻度CAS组患者的chemerin水平最高;相关性分析显示,血清chemerin水平与主动脉瓣狭窄程度呈负相关性(r=-0.632,P<0.01)。结论血清chemerin水平与CAS狭窄程度有关,可作为辅助诊断CAS的血清炎症提示指标。     

喉罩通气全麻下经纤支镜介入治疗严重气道狭窄8例

目的探讨喉罩通气全麻下经纤支镜介入治疗严重气道狭窄的疗效及安全性。方法分析8例严重气管狭窄患者临床资料。比较喉罩通气全麻下经纤支镜介入治疗前后患者气促评分、气管狭窄程度、血气分析指标变化及介入术中收缩压、心率、SPO2变化。结果 8例患者喉罩通气全麻术中血压、心率、SPO2平稳;经介入治疗后气管狭窄程度、气促评分较术前显著降低(P0.01),p(O2)显著升高(P0.01)。结论喉罩通气全麻下经纤支镜介入治疗严重气道狭窄安全有效。     

A Patient with Acute Kidney Pain and High Blood Pressure

This case presented challenging diagnostic and management issues in a young healthy man who presented with abdominal pain and new-onset hypertension. The differential diagnosis evolved over the course of the clinical presentation. The patient had severe vascular involvement of his renal and basal cerebral arteries that initially was assumed to be due to a vasculitic process or hypercoagulable state. Finally it became apparent that the patient did not have a systemic illness but rather a localized vascular disease most likely due to segmental arterial mediolysis, a rare, under-recognized condition that can potentially be fatal. This condition is often difficult to distinguish from fibromuscular dysplasia. It is important to recognize and correctly diagnose the condition, particularly in the acute phase of the disease, because delay in diagnosis can contribute to morbidity and mortality.     

Perioperative intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation in a patient with myocardium at risk undergoing urgent noncardiac surgery

We are presenting the case of a 76-year-old female scheduled for major abdominal surgery. Her past medical history was remarkable for a three-vessel coronary artery disease, with a severely impaired left ventricular function. She had already undergone complex coronary artery bypass surgery. Currently, she presented with the rare constellation of a hemodynamic relevant and interventionally intractable stenosis of the left subclavian artery proximal to a crucial coronary bypass from left internal mammary artery to the left anterior descending. To protect this patient from perioperative myocardial infarction, an intra-aortic balloon pump was successfully used.     

Evaluation of Arterial Impairment after Experimental Gelatin Sponge Embolization in a Rabbit Renal Model

ObjectiveArterial stenosis is a major obstacle for subsequent interventional procedures. We hypothesized that the stenosis is caused by gelatin sponge embolization and performed an experimental study in a rabbit renal model.ResultsGelatin sponge particles were mainly observed in the segmental and interlobar arteries. Transmural inflammation of the embolized arterial wall and mild thickening of the media were observed 1 week after embolization. Resorption of the gelatin sponge and organization of thrombus accompanied by foreign body reactions, were observed from 2 to 4 weeks after embolization. Microscopic images of the 3 weeks group showed vessel lumens filled mostly with organized thrombi, resulting in severe stenosis. Additionally, vessels showed a thickened intima that contained migrating smooth muscle cells and accompanying interruption of the internal elastic lamina. The migrating smooth muscle cells were distributed around the recanalized arterial lumen.ConclusionGelatin sponge embolization may induce arterial stenosis by causing organized thrombus and intimal hyperplasia, which consists of migrating smooth muscle cells and intimal collagen deposits.     

前列地尔联合双嘧达莫对尿毒症患者内瘘术后的影响

目的:观察前列地尔联合双嘧达莫对尿毒症患者内瘘的影响。方法:将55例非透析尿毒症患者实施动静脉内瘘手术,术后分为对照组和治疗组。对照组给予双嘧达(25 mg,3次/日)治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上联合前列地尔(10μg,1次/日)治疗2周。治疗过程中,观察2组患者凝血功能、纤维蛋白原及血液黏滞度;比较2组患者内瘘成熟时间、血流量及内瘘狭窄率。结果:2组患者凝血功能较治疗前均有所延长(P<0.05),但组间比较无差异。治疗组血液黏滞度较对照组显著下降(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,治疗组内瘘成熟时间显著缩短,且首次透析时内瘘血流量显著增加(P<0.05)。治疗组内瘘狭窄率与对照组相比显著下降(P<0.05)。结论:前列地尔联合双嘧达莫可促进尿毒症患者内瘘成熟,减少内瘘狭窄发生。